Dementia and your environment

Dementia can affect how you see and understand things around you. For example, you may find it hard to judge distances, see objects clearly or recognise familiar places.

These tips may help.

Use colour to make things easier to see

• Choose furniture that stands out from the walls and floor.

• Use a toilet seat that is a different colour from the toilet and bathroom floor.

• Choose plates and cups that stand out from the table.

• Avoid busy patterns on floors and furniture.

• Avoid shiny floors, as reflections can make them look wet or uneven.

Make it easier to find things

• Put clear signs or pictures on doors and cupboards.

• Keep things you use often in the same place.

• Use labels or pictures to show what is inside drawers and cupboards.

• Keep everyday items where you can see and reach them.

• Try to keep familiar routines and avoid making too many changes at once.

Improve lighting

• Let natural light into your home during the day.

• Make sure stairs, hallways and bathrooms are well lit.

• Avoid strong glare and dark shadows.

• Consider lights that turn on when someone enters a room.

• Have regular eye tests and make sure your glasses are up to date.

Mirrors and reflections

Some people with dementia may find mirrors or reflections confusing.

If a mirror causes distress, you could cover or remove it.

For more advice, visit the NHS guide to making your home dementia friendly.

Too much noise or activity can make it harder to concentrate or follow conversations.

Small changes may help:

• Turn off the television or radio when no one is watching or listening.

• Try to have one person speaking at a time.

• Choose a quiet place for important conversations.

• Keep rooms tidy and avoid too much clutter.

• Give yourself time to complete tasks without rushing.

Everyone is different. Try to find out what helps you feel calm and comfortable.

As dementia progresses, some people may need more help with washing, dressing and other personal care.

They may also find it hard to recognise familiar people or understand what is happening.

If you are helping someone with personal care, try to:

• Explain who you are and what you are going to do.

• Speak calmly and use simple words.

• Give the person time to understand and respond.

• Follow their usual routine where possible.

• Offer choices and involve them in their care.

• Respect their privacy and dignity.

Having familiar people provide care can also help someone feel more comfortable.

If personal care becomes difficult, speak to your healthcare professional for advice.

Dementia can affect how food tastes and smells. Some people may also find it harder to use cutlery or recognise everyday items.

There are simple ways to make eating and drinking easier.

• Offer foods the person enjoys.

• Use plates and cups that are easy to see and hold.

• Choose tableware that stands out from the table.

• Keep the table clear of things that are not needed.

• Allow plenty of time for meals.

• Show the person how to use cutlery if they need help.

An occupational therapist can suggest equipment or changes that may help with everyday activities.

If someone is having difficulty chewing or swallowing, speak to their healthcare professional.

You can find more advice on the NHS website.

As your needs change, you may find that some parts of your home become harder to use.

An occupational therapist can assess your needs and suggest changes to help you stay safe and independent.

These might include:

• Adding grab rails or handrails

• Making bathrooms easier to use

• Improving lighting

• Making it easier to move around your home

• Using equipment to help with everyday tasks

Getting help with costs

You may be able to get financial help to make changes to your home.

A Disabled Facilities Grant can help pay for some home adaptations. Whether you qualify will depend on your circumstances and the changes you need.

Find out more about Disabled Facilities Grants on GOV.UK.

You can also contact your local council to ask about a home assessment.

Read the NHS guide to home adaptations.